International Meme Fund
IMFMeme-based stablecoin protocol
News Heat Trend
Project Overview
IMF(International Meme Fund) is a DeFi protocol that allows users to deposit their blue-chip memes and borrow native meme-backed unstablecoin, $MONEY. IMF provides liquidity pools (LPs) for trading memes against $MONEY. The protocol's native equity and utility token is $IMF, which is used to accrue and distribute protocol revenue. Protocol revenue comes from interest paid by borrowers of $MONEY. In addition to borrowing, users can provide liquidity by pairing their memes with $MONEY (e.g., PEPE/MONEY LP) and earn trading fees + $IMF emissions.
IMF Confirms El Salvador's Bitcoin Purchase Funds Come from Private Donations, Not Public Funds
According to CoinDesk, the IMF confirmed that all new Bitcoin accumulated by El Salvador since its first review in June 2025 came exclusively from private donations, without utilizing any public funds. El Salvador's official Bitcoin holdings have now reached 7,764.37 BTC. The balance had previously surged by more than 1,000 BTC in November alone, and has since been increasing at a pace of one BTC per day. The IMF did not disclose the identities of the donors or the specific donation amounts. Meanwhile, both parties reached a staff-level agreement on the second and third joint reviews of the $1.4 billion financing program. El Salvador is expected to receive approximately $140 million, pending IMF Executive Board approval for it to take effect.
All funding comes from private donations; IMF says El Salvador is not expected to accumulate more Bitcoin in the future
Bitcoin News posted on X platform stating that the IMF said El Salvador's Bitcoin accumulation since the first project review in June 2025 has been fully funded by private donations, without utilizing public resources. The Salvadoran government is not expected to continue accumulating Bitcoin in the future, except for recorded donations. This disclosure comes as IMF staff have reached an agreement with El Salvador on the latest project review, which could unlock an additional $140 million in financing.
El Salvador's Bitcoin reserve grows to 7,762 BTC, worth approximately $598 million
Odaily News: The Salvadoran government added 1 Bitcoin to its national Bitcoin reserve this week, bringing total holdings to 7,762 BTC. At a Bitcoin price of approximately $77,000, these holdings are valued at around $598 million.The International Monetary Fund (IMF) previously required El Salvador to halt public sector Bitcoin purchases as part of its $1.4 billion financing agreement, and to make merchant acceptance of Bitcoin voluntary. Related legal amendments revoked Bitcoin's status as legal tender but did not end the policy of accumulating reserves.El Salvador became the first country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021 and has continued its policy of purchasing 1 Bitcoin daily. Between January and April this year, the government added more than 1,600 Bitcoin to its reserves. (Bitcoin.com News)
Mark Cuban and Michael Burry Warn of AI Bubble Risks, Comparing Nvidia's Financing Model to the Dot-Com Era
Odaily News: Investor Mark Cuban and "The Big Short" investor Michael Burry have recently issued warnings about valuation risks in Nvidia (NVDA) and AI stocks. Cuban stated on X that the current AI capital cycle bears similarities to the dot-com bubble of the 1990s, arguing that Nvidia is playing the role the IPO market did back then, fueling continuous capital inflows by supporting customers' purchases of AI chips.Burry, meanwhile, has focused on the rising cost of Nvidia's credit default swaps (CDS), noting that the scale of the "circular financing" driven by Nvidia is expanding. He believes that some AI demand relies on financing support, and future revenue may be built on complex capital cycles.Earlier, Nvidia's stock price fell approximately 5% in a single day, erasing about $250 billion in market value. The IMF and the Bank for International Settlements have also previously flagged potential systemic risks from AI circular financing. However, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang dismissed such criticism as "absurd." (TheStreet)
IMF: Brazil's Crypto Cross-Border Fund Flows Have Surpassed Traditional Capital Movements
In its financial system stability assessment report released this month, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated that Brazil's cryptocurrency-based cross-border fund flows have been growing steadily since 2017, with their scale now exceeding traditional capital movements. The report indicates that these fund flows are largely driven by stablecoins, which are utilized by both corporations and retail investors for efficiency and tax-related reasons. Stablecoin flows are correlated with international and local investment indicators such as the S&P 500, VIX, and Bitcoin prices, and are also influenced by exchange rates, interest rates, policy uncertainty, and changes in tax policies. The IMF noted that the Central Bank of Brazil has taken measures to regulate the virtual asset service provider (VASP) industry, but gaps remain in areas such as customer legal protection and the segregation of custodial assets. Comprehensive implementation of international standards, including the Travel Rule, is still necessary for anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT). The report points out that Brazil's crypto system is interconnected with the traditional financial system, and regulators need to collaborate with domestic and international counterparts to establish a more robust reporting framework. The Brazilian Congress is preparing to deliberate on Bill 4308/2024, aimed at regulating the status of stablecoins.
IMF: The Future of Tokenization Depends on Policy Choices; Three Types of Settlement Assets Including Stablecoins May Coexist
Odaily, Tobias Adrian, Director of the Monetary and Capital Markets Department at the International Monetary Fund (IMF), stated that as assets migrate to shared digital ledgers, policy choices regarding the monetary system, market infrastructure, and legal frameworks will determine whether tokenization strengthens the integration of the financial system or leads to further fragmentation.The tokenized economy is forming three types of settlement assets: tokenized bank deposits, stablecoins, and tokenized central bank reserves. Tokenization is not just about faster payments or programmable assets; it involves migrating financial assets and liabilities to a unified ledger, compressing execution, clearing, and settlement into a synchronized process driven by software. This shift may also transfer risks from the balance sheets of traditional intermediaries to platforms, code, and infrastructure providers. (The Block)
IMF Confirms El Salvador's Bitcoin Purchase Funds Come from Private Donations, Not Public Funds
According to CoinDesk, the IMF confirmed that all new Bitcoin accumulated by El Salvador since its first review in June 2025 came exclusively from private donations, without utilizing any public funds. El Salvador's official Bitcoin holdings have now reached 7,764.37 BTC. The balance had previously surged by more than 1,000 BTC in November alone, and has since been increasing at a pace of one BTC per day. The IMF did not disclose the identities of the donors or the specific donation amounts. Meanwhile, both parties reached a staff-level agreement on the second and third joint reviews of the $1.4 billion financing program. El Salvador is expected to receive approximately $140 million, pending IMF Executive Board approval for it to take effect.
All funding comes from private donations; IMF says El Salvador is not expected to accumulate more Bitcoin in the future
Bitcoin News posted on X platform stating that the IMF said El Salvador's Bitcoin accumulation since the first project review in June 2025 has been fully funded by private donations, without utilizing public resources. The Salvadoran government is not expected to continue accumulating Bitcoin in the future, except for recorded donations. This disclosure comes as IMF staff have reached an agreement with El Salvador on the latest project review, which could unlock an additional $140 million in financing.
El Salvador's Bitcoin reserve grows to 7,762 BTC, worth approximately $598 million
Odaily News: The Salvadoran government added 1 Bitcoin to its national Bitcoin reserve this week, bringing total holdings to 7,762 BTC. At a Bitcoin price of approximately $77,000, these holdings are valued at around $598 million.The International Monetary Fund (IMF) previously required El Salvador to halt public sector Bitcoin purchases as part of its $1.4 billion financing agreement, and to make merchant acceptance of Bitcoin voluntary. Related legal amendments revoked Bitcoin's status as legal tender but did not end the policy of accumulating reserves.El Salvador became the first country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021 and has continued its policy of purchasing 1 Bitcoin daily. Between January and April this year, the government added more than 1,600 Bitcoin to its reserves. (Bitcoin.com News)
IMF: Local-Currency Stablecoins Could Accelerate the Adoption of Dollar-Pegged Stablecoins
: Dan Katz, First Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), stated that when local-currency stablecoins and dollar-pegged stablecoins operate on the same blockchain infrastructure, users can exchange them via decentralized exchanges, liquidity pools, or peer-to-peer swaps. Local-currency stablecoins may accelerate the adoption of dollar-pegged stablecoins. Dan Katz pointed out that users may prefer dollar-pegged stablecoins due to their liquidity, network effects, and acceptance across platforms and borders. In South Africa, the adoption of dollar-pegged stablecoins is limited, while demand for stablecoins pegged to the rand is even lower. He urged countries to incorporate fiat on-/off-ramp channels and on-chain transaction points into their regulatory frameworks.
IMF: Brazil's Crypto Cross-Border Fund Flows Have Surpassed Traditional Capital Movements
In its financial system stability assessment report released this month, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated that Brazil's cryptocurrency-based cross-border fund flows have been growing steadily since 2017, with their scale now exceeding traditional capital movements. The report indicates that these fund flows are largely driven by stablecoins, which are utilized by both corporations and retail investors for efficiency and tax-related reasons. Stablecoin flows are correlated with international and local investment indicators such as the S&P 500, VIX, and Bitcoin prices, and are also influenced by exchange rates, interest rates, policy uncertainty, and changes in tax policies. The IMF noted that the Central Bank of Brazil has taken measures to regulate the virtual asset service provider (VASP) industry, but gaps remain in areas such as customer legal protection and the segregation of custodial assets. Comprehensive implementation of international standards, including the Travel Rule, is still necessary for anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT). The report points out that Brazil's crypto system is interconnected with the traditional financial system, and regulators need to collaborate with domestic and international counterparts to establish a more robust reporting framework. The Brazilian Congress is preparing to deliberate on Bill 4308/2024, aimed at regulating the status of stablecoins.
Nigerian President Signs Executive Order to Establish Virtual Assets Committee and Coordinate Crypto Regulation
Odaily News: Nigerian President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has signed an executive order to coordinate virtual asset regulation, enhance cooperation between the country's financial, tax, and capital market institutions, and address the fragmentation of digital asset regulation. The executive order establishes a Virtual Assets Committee composed of heads from Nigeria's major financial regulatory agencies to guide relevant policies. Nigeria's tax authority will update digital asset policies and provide more details on the impact on taxpayers. Bayo Onanuga, Special Adviser to the President, stated that the executive order does not create new regulatory agencies nor transfer powers between agencies; each institution retains its statutory duties and independence, and registration requirements will be determined based on the nature of the activity and the assets involved. A June report from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) shows that since 2019, Nigeria has accounted for approximately 60% of stablecoin inflows in Sub-Saharan Africa; between July 2023 and June 2024, the country's cryptocurrency inflows reached approximately $59 billion.
Deutsche Bank: Gold in Fifth Explosive Phase Since 1979, Fair Value Points to $4,700 to $5,100
According to TechFlow Research, a Deutsche Bank research report on August 13 pointed out that gold is currently in its fifth explosive price phase since 1979, which started in August 2024 and has lasted about 24 months so far, with a peak BSADF statistic of 3.29. The superposition of four factors—central bank gold purchases, de-dollarization, geopolitical risks, and interest rate cut expectations—is driving this round of market performance. Deutsche Bank pointed out that the core difference between this round and the four historical explosive phases (the 1980 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis, the 2011 European debt crisis, and the 2020 pandemic shock) lies in the fact that the driving force has shifted from inflation or crisis-driven to the structural behavior of central bank gold purchases. The research report predicts that the baseline scenario for gold's fair value points to USD 4,700 to 5,100 per ounce. The basic model shows the current fair price is about USD 4,700, representing about 20% upside potential compared to the current price. Central bank gold purchases since Q3 2022 have grown 6 times compared to the 2016 to 2021 levels; about half of official gold purchases are not reported in IMF data, and this portion of "unreported demand" remains at a high level. Global gold ETF 30-day rolling inflows are about 1.5 million ounces, and Asian buyers continue to increase holdings. The gold-silver ratio is at a high level, but the shortage of physical silver is easing, and correction signals are unclear.
Mark Cuban and Michael Burry Warn of AI Bubble Risks, Comparing Nvidia's Financing Model to the Dot-Com Era
Odaily News: Investor Mark Cuban and "The Big Short" investor Michael Burry have recently issued warnings about valuation risks in Nvidia (NVDA) and AI stocks. Cuban stated on X that the current AI capital cycle bears similarities to the dot-com bubble of the 1990s, arguing that Nvidia is playing the role the IPO market did back then, fueling continuous capital inflows by supporting customers' purchases of AI chips.Burry, meanwhile, has focused on the rising cost of Nvidia's credit default swaps (CDS), noting that the scale of the "circular financing" driven by Nvidia is expanding. He believes that some AI demand relies on financing support, and future revenue may be built on complex capital cycles.Earlier, Nvidia's stock price fell approximately 5% in a single day, erasing about $250 billion in market value. The IMF and the Bank for International Settlements have also previously flagged potential systemic risks from AI circular financing. However, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang dismissed such criticism as "absurd." (TheStreet)
Nigerian President Signs Executive Order to Establish Virtual Assets Committee and Coordinate Crypto Regulation
Odaily News: Nigerian President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has signed an executive order to coordinate virtual asset regulation, enhance cooperation between the country's financial, tax, and capital market institutions, and address the fragmentation of digital asset regulation. The executive order establishes a Virtual Assets Committee composed of heads from Nigeria's major financial regulatory agencies to guide relevant policies. Nigeria's tax authority will update digital asset policies and provide more details on the impact on taxpayers. Bayo Onanuga, Special Adviser to the President, stated that the executive order does not create new regulatory agencies nor transfer powers between agencies; each institution retains its statutory duties and independence, and registration requirements will be determined based on the nature of the activity and the assets involved. A June report from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) shows that since 2019, Nigeria has accounted for approximately 60% of stablecoin inflows in Sub-Saharan Africa; between July 2023 and June 2024, the country's cryptocurrency inflows reached approximately $59 billion.
IMF Calls on Nepal to Establish Crypto Regulatory Framework, Citing Rapid Growth in Crypto and Stablecoin Inflows in Recent Years
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated in its latest annual assessment of Nepal that, despite Nepal’s comprehensive ban on cryptocurrency transactions and mining since 2021, inflows of cryptocurrencies and stablecoins grew rapidly between 2019 and 2024—peaking at over 13% of GDP in 2021 and rebounding to approximately 8% in 2024, with cross-border flows amounting to roughly 5% of GDP. The IMF recommends that Nepal establish a cryptocurrency regulatory framework aligned with international standards, strengthen monitoring of stablecoins and unbacked crypto assets to prevent circumvention of capital controls and large-scale deposit outflows, and urges Nepal to complete the FATF action plan and exit the “gray list.”
All funding comes from private donations; IMF says El Salvador is not expected to accumulate more Bitcoin in the future
Bitcoin News posted on X platform stating that the IMF said El Salvador's Bitcoin accumulation since the first project review in June 2025 has been fully funded by private donations, without utilizing public resources. The Salvadoran government is not expected to continue accumulating Bitcoin in the future, except for recorded donations. This disclosure comes as IMF staff have reached an agreement with El Salvador on the latest project review, which could unlock an additional $140 million in financing.
Mark Cuban and Michael Burry Warn of AI Bubble Risks, Comparing Nvidia's Financing Model to the Dot-Com Era
Odaily News: Investor Mark Cuban and "The Big Short" investor Michael Burry have recently issued warnings about valuation risks in Nvidia (NVDA) and AI stocks. Cuban stated on X that the current AI capital cycle bears similarities to the dot-com bubble of the 1990s, arguing that Nvidia is playing the role the IPO market did back then, fueling continuous capital inflows by supporting customers' purchases of AI chips.Burry, meanwhile, has focused on the rising cost of Nvidia's credit default swaps (CDS), noting that the scale of the "circular financing" driven by Nvidia is expanding. He believes that some AI demand relies on financing support, and future revenue may be built on complex capital cycles.Earlier, Nvidia's stock price fell approximately 5% in a single day, erasing about $250 billion in market value. The IMF and the Bank for International Settlements have also previously flagged potential systemic risks from AI circular financing. However, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang dismissed such criticism as "absurd." (TheStreet)
IMF: Brazil's Crypto Cross-Border Fund Flows Have Surpassed Traditional Capital Movements
In its financial system stability assessment report released this month, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated that Brazil's cryptocurrency-based cross-border fund flows have been growing steadily since 2017, with their scale now exceeding traditional capital movements. The report indicates that these fund flows are largely driven by stablecoins, which are utilized by both corporations and retail investors for efficiency and tax-related reasons. Stablecoin flows are correlated with international and local investment indicators such as the S&P 500, VIX, and Bitcoin prices, and are also influenced by exchange rates, interest rates, policy uncertainty, and changes in tax policies. The IMF noted that the Central Bank of Brazil has taken measures to regulate the virtual asset service provider (VASP) industry, but gaps remain in areas such as customer legal protection and the segregation of custodial assets. Comprehensive implementation of international standards, including the Travel Rule, is still necessary for anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT). The report points out that Brazil's crypto system is interconnected with the traditional financial system, and regulators need to collaborate with domestic and international counterparts to establish a more robust reporting framework. The Brazilian Congress is preparing to deliberate on Bill 4308/2024, aimed at regulating the status of stablecoins.
El Salvador 2027 General Election Opposition Candidate Emerges, Bukele's Bitcoin Strategy Faces Political Test
According to BeInCrypto, El Salvador's two major opposition parties have officially nominated candidates for the February 2027 presidential election: the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) nominated former legislator Maytee Iraheta, while the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) nominated doctor and union leader Rafael Aguirre. Both candidates clearly oppose Bukele's Bitcoin strategy, characterizing it as a fiscal failure. However, Bukele's approval rating remains as high as 94%, and his New Ideas party has also completed nominations, holding a clear advantage for re-election. It is worth noting that El Salvador revoked Bitcoin's legal tender status in February 2025 after reaching a $1.4 billion loan agreement with the IMF, restoring the US dollar as the sole official currency, but the government still maintains the plan to purchase approximately 1 Bitcoin per day, with holdings reaching approximately 7,730 BTC as of July 27.
The probability of the Bab el-Mandeb Strait being closed before the end of August has risen to 21% on Polymarket.
: On the prediction market platform Polymarket, the probability of the Bab el-Mandeb Strait closing before August 31 has risen to 21%, up from a low of 11% on Monday morning. The probability of a closure before September 30 once rose to 26%. The Yemeni Houthi group, Ansar Allah, has announced a maritime blockade against Saudi Arabia, stating that the operation is based on the principle of "an eye for an eye" and aims to disrupt the flow of Saudi crude oil exports. The relevant passage handles the transit of over 4.5 million barrels of crude oil. The outcome of this prediction contract will be determined based on maritime trade flow data released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) platform, PortWatch. If the 7-day moving average of vessel arrivals at the Bab el-Mandeb Strait is equal to or less than 10 on any day between the contract's creation and its expiration date, the contract will be resolved as "Yes."
Nigerian President Signs Executive Order to Establish Virtual Assets Committee and Coordinate Crypto Regulation
Odaily News: Nigerian President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has signed an executive order to coordinate virtual asset regulation, enhance cooperation between the country's financial, tax, and capital market institutions, and address the fragmentation of digital asset regulation. The executive order establishes a Virtual Assets Committee composed of heads from Nigeria's major financial regulatory agencies to guide relevant policies. Nigeria's tax authority will update digital asset policies and provide more details on the impact on taxpayers. Bayo Onanuga, Special Adviser to the President, stated that the executive order does not create new regulatory agencies nor transfer powers between agencies; each institution retains its statutory duties and independence, and registration requirements will be determined based on the nature of the activity and the assets involved. A June report from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) shows that since 2019, Nigeria has accounted for approximately 60% of stablecoin inflows in Sub-Saharan Africa; between July 2023 and June 2024, the country's cryptocurrency inflows reached approximately $59 billion.
Related news
Holdings increased to 7,474 BTC; IMF says El Salvador's bitcoin acquisitions since June 2025 came from private donations
Odaily News: Bitcoin News stated on the X platform that the International Monetary Fund said El Salvador's bitcoin accumulation since June 2025 did not use public funds and that the accumulation reflects private donations. El Salvador disclosed in November 2025 the purchase of 1,090 bitcoins, worth approximately $100 million, bringing its total bitcoin holdings to 7,474. The IMF also noted that El Salvador is improving the transparency of bitcoin holdings across its wallets and strengthening governance and risk management for public sector crypto asset holdings.
IMF Confirms El Salvador's Bitcoin Purchase Funds Come from Private Donations, Not Public Funds
According to CoinDesk, the IMF confirmed that all new Bitcoin accumulated by El Salvador since its first review in June 2025 came exclusively from private donations, without utilizing any public funds. El Salvador's official Bitcoin holdings have now reached 7,764.37 BTC. The balance had previously surged by more than 1,000 BTC in November alone, and has since been increasing at a pace of one BTC per day. The IMF did not disclose the identities of the donors or the specific donation amounts. Meanwhile, both parties reached a staff-level agreement on the second and third joint reviews of the $1.4 billion financing program. El Salvador is expected to receive approximately $140 million, pending IMF Executive Board approval for it to take effect.
All funding comes from private donations; IMF says El Salvador is not expected to accumulate more Bitcoin in the future
Bitcoin News posted on X platform stating that the IMF said El Salvador's Bitcoin accumulation since the first project review in June 2025 has been fully funded by private donations, without utilizing public resources. The Salvadoran government is not expected to continue accumulating Bitcoin in the future, except for recorded donations. This disclosure comes as IMF staff have reached an agreement with El Salvador on the latest project review, which could unlock an additional $140 million in financing.
El Salvador's Bitcoin reserve grows to 7,762 BTC, worth approximately $598 million
Odaily News: The Salvadoran government added 1 Bitcoin to its national Bitcoin reserve this week, bringing total holdings to 7,762 BTC. At a Bitcoin price of approximately $77,000, these holdings are valued at around $598 million.The International Monetary Fund (IMF) previously required El Salvador to halt public sector Bitcoin purchases as part of its $1.4 billion financing agreement, and to make merchant acceptance of Bitcoin voluntary. Related legal amendments revoked Bitcoin's status as legal tender but did not end the policy of accumulating reserves.El Salvador became the first country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021 and has continued its policy of purchasing 1 Bitcoin daily. Between January and April this year, the government added more than 1,600 Bitcoin to its reserves. (Bitcoin.com News)
El Salvador's "Bitcoin Beach" Daily Payments Cool Down, Merchants Report Receiving Just One BTC Transaction Per Month
According to Cryptopolitan, Bitcoin Core contributor Jon Atack stated that when he recently paid with BTC at a restaurant in El Zonte, El Salvador ("Bitcoin Beach"), the staff noted it was the first Bitcoin payment the establishment had received in nearly a month. Local merchants reported that consumers have largely switched to using bank card payments, with some employees no longer familiar with how to use Bitcoin payment applications. The report indicates that Bitcoin price volatility, payment procedures that are less convenient than card transactions, and holders' preference for long-term accumulation over spending have collectively diminished the daily circulation of BTC in the area. While El Salvador maintains Bitcoin's status as legal tender, it has shifted merchant acceptance of BTC to a voluntary basis under an IMF loan arrangement.
Deutsche Bank: Gold in Fifth Explosive Phase Since 1979, Fair Value Points to $4,700 to $5,100
According to TechFlow Research, a Deutsche Bank research report on August 13 pointed out that gold is currently in its fifth explosive price phase since 1979, which started in August 2024 and has lasted about 24 months so far, with a peak BSADF statistic of 3.29. The superposition of four factors—central bank gold purchases, de-dollarization, geopolitical risks, and interest rate cut expectations—is driving this round of market performance. Deutsche Bank pointed out that the core difference between this round and the four historical explosive phases (the 1980 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis, the 2011 European debt crisis, and the 2020 pandemic shock) lies in the fact that the driving force has shifted from inflation or crisis-driven to the structural behavior of central bank gold purchases. The research report predicts that the baseline scenario for gold's fair value points to USD 4,700 to 5,100 per ounce. The basic model shows the current fair price is about USD 4,700, representing about 20% upside potential compared to the current price. Central bank gold purchases since Q3 2022 have grown 6 times compared to the 2016 to 2021 levels; about half of official gold purchases are not reported in IMF data, and this portion of "unreported demand" remains at a high level. Global gold ETF 30-day rolling inflows are about 1.5 million ounces, and Asian buyers continue to increase holdings. The gold-silver ratio is at a high level, but the shortage of physical silver is easing, and correction signals are unclear.