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X402
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The Autonomous Payment Protocol

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Project Overview

x402 is an autonomous payment protocol that supports AI, websites, and applications to automatically send and receive payments, provides programmable settlement and multi-chain compatibility, and is committed to building automated decentralized payment solutions.

AEON closes $8 million pre-seed round led by YZi Labs

AEON, focused on the economic settlement layer for AI agents, has announced the completion of an $8 million pre-seed funding round led by YZi Labs, with participation from IDG Capital, HashKey Capital, Stanford Blockchain Builders Fund, and Oak Grove Ventures. AEON stated that it will use these funds to advance the development of its settlement layer tailored for AI agent interactions. The company launched its first AI-powered payment product in May, claiming it connects to over 50 million offline merchants worldwide. Additionally, AEON has partnered with BNB Chain to launch the x402 Facilitator, enabling verifiable transactions, on-chain settlement, and tamper-proof receipts.

Bernstein: CLARITY Act Yield Compromise to Strengthen Circle's Competitive Edge

Odaily. Bernstein stated in its latest research report that the newly reached compromise on stablecoin yields under the U.S. CLARITY Act is structurally beneficial for Circle and the USDC ecosystem.The report notes that the current version of the bill prohibits stablecoin issuers from paying interest to passive holders that is "economically equivalent" to bank deposits, but allows reward mechanisms tied to actual transaction, payment, and usage activities to continue. Bernstein believes this means Circle's current model, which relies on partners like Coinbase to provide USDC reward programs, will gain regulatory recognition, while also limiting the industry's ability to compete for market share through high yields.Bernstein points out that the bill effectively reinforces the positioning of stablecoins as "payment tools" rather than "deposit substitutes," helping to protect Circle's current business model that relies on reserve income. The firm maintains an "Outperform" rating for Circle with a $190 target price.Data shows that the total global supply of dollar-pegged stablecoins has surpassed $300 billion, with USDT and USDC collectively accounting for approximately 97% of the market share. Bernstein notes that USDC's share in on-chain payments and wallet transfers is steadily increasing, and its share of payments in the AI Agent payment protocol x402 has exceeded 99%.Additionally, Bernstein mentioned that Circle's ARC chain has cumulatively completed 244 million testnet transactions. The ARC token pre-sale previously raised $222 million, with investors including a16z crypto, Apollo Funds, ARK Invest, and BlackRock.However, the report also points out that the CLARITY Act still needs to complete multiple legislative procedures before it takes effect, including a 60-vote threshold in the full Senate and coordination with the House version. Polymarket currently estimates its probability of passage by 2026 at approximately 62%. (The Block)

Visa Partners with Artemis to Release On-Chain Data Report on AI Agent Payments

According to Visa's official website, Visa and Artemis jointly released a report that deeply analyzes the current status and trends of AI agent payments based on real-time on-chain data. The report indicates that AI agent payments are divided into two categories: one is "macro commerce" where agents replace users to complete tasks like booking tickets and subscriptions, similar to traditional e-commerce payments; the other is "micro commerce" such as high-frequency, low-value API calls between software, where single transaction amounts are typically less than 1 cent. On-chain data shows that the open protocol x402, incubated by Coinbase and Cloudflare and now hosted by the Linux Foundation, has processed approximately 109 million transactions since launching in May 2025, with an adjusted transaction volume of about $15 million, mainly active on the Base, Solana, and Polygon chains; the Machine Payment Protocol (MPP), jointly built by Stripe and Tempo with Visa's contribution, launched in mid-March 2026 and completed approximately 115,000 transactions within weeks, with a settlement amount of about $25,000. The report notes that blockchain settlement costs have dropped to extremely low levels, making small payments in the 1-cent to 1-dollar range economically feasible for the first time, but agent payments still face significant challenges at the legal and regulatory level regarding trust, liability attribution, and dispute resolution. Visa stated that its goal is to build a unified foundation that simultaneously supports card-native trust authorization and machine-native settlement

Goldman Sachs: Circle and USDC Are Moving Beyond the Crypto World, Cross-Border Payments and AI Agents Become the New Battlefield

According to TechFlow Research, minutes from Goldman Sachs' July 5 Circle management meeting indicate that stablecoin growth has decoupled from crypto market cycles, with use cases rapidly expanding towards cross-border payments, consumer e-commerce, capital market settlement, and AI agent payments. USDC accounts for approximately 99% of trading volume in the x402 agent payment protocol. Circle pointed out that the "digital dollarization" trend in emerging markets is accelerating, with USDC becoming a tool to replace local currencies and unreliable banking systems. If passed, Circle believes the CLARITY Act will be a catalyst rather than a headwind; the bill allows issuers to continue revenue sharing to incentivize distribution and encourages usage-based reward mechanisms rather than passive holding.

Analysis: Crypto Becoming Default Payment Layer for AI Agents, Stablecoin Advantages Highlighted

crypto market maker and investment firm Keyrock has released a new report indicating that as traditional bank card payment systems struggle to meet micro-payment needs, blockchain-based stablecoin payment rails are gradually becoming the default payment layer for AI agents.The report shows that between May 2025 and April 2026, AI agents have completed over 176 million transactions through on-chain infrastructure, settling more than $73 million.The so-called "Agentic Payments" refer to AI software that can autonomously purchase data, computing power, API access, or AI services without requiring human authorization for each individual transaction. For example, an AI trading agent can continuously and automatically buy market data, cloud computing resources, or AI analysis services. Keyrock believes this growth rate may even surpass the early explosive phase of stablecoins.Currently, Coinbase's x402 protocol has emerged as one of the leading crypto-native machine payment solutions, allowing AI agents to directly pay for on-chain data analysis, cloud services, and other resources using USDC, without the need for accounts or subscription systems.Data shows that approximately 76% of AI agent payment amounts fall below the common 30-cent fixed fee threshold of traditional bank cards, with most transactions ranging from just 1 to 10 cents. This makes traditional payment networks unsuitable for machine-to-machine micropayments. In contrast, on chains like Base and Tempo, the settlement cost for stablecoins is "less than one cent."However, regulation may still become a limiting factor for industry growth. The report points out that new regulatory frameworks, including Europe's MiCA, the US's GENIUS Act, and the EU's AI Act, have yet to directly cover critical issues such as autonomous transactions by AI agents, liability attribution, and identity authentication. (CoinDesk)

Former Farcaster founder and Tempo team member Dan Romero: Tempo could achieve decentralization within 2 years, Asian market lead is now in place

recently, Liu Feng, former founder of ChainNews, and Dan Romero, former Farcaster founder and Tempo team member, engaged in a series of discussions on topics such as payments, cryptocurrency, and AI Agents. During the conversation, Dan Romero addressed some key questions raised by both Liu Feng and the public. The highlights are as follows:1. The reason for the shift from idealistic socialfi products to public chains dominated by large enterprises: "The crypto landscape has changed. Now we have stablecoins and crypto (more native) as two distinct things." Tempo and Playbook's goal is: "Starting with payment services, collaborating with large, established companies to help them conduct on-chain payments and advance their own business development. Then, by integrating DeFi applications, we will launch yield-generating products that end users actually need."2. "Tempo has no meme coins or anything similar, which is a good thing for a conservative bank. Tempo has other characteristics: compliance and privacy. This might not be as exciting for crypto natives, but it is very attractive to banks."3. Regarding core use cases for payments: "Platform-based marketplaces and cross-border payments are two clear stablecoin use cases."4. Micropayment-driven agent-to-agent payments are worth anticipating; stablecoin-based micropayments will usher in a new spring. Regarding payments between agents: "Traditional payment methods are too costly to use at scale. This level of granularity and speed can only be achieved through cryptocurrencies and streaming payments."5. "I deeply respect Ethereum's adherence to cypherpunk principles regarding decentralization. I really like their new mission; it's good for the world. But the reality is that businesses don't care about these things; they care about whether it can solve real problems." "If Tempo can attract 1 million businesses and 1 billion consumers, it won't be a bad thing for either cryptocurrency or Ethereum."6. Regarding Tempo's decentralization process: Hoping to achieve it within two years. "We are not a bunch of suit-wearing outsiders; we truly understand the space. We know how important decentralization is, but at the same time, we are very pragmatic. I guarantee that we will actually drive application adoption."7. Regarding the Machine Payment Protocol (MPP) and the X402 protocol, AI Agents don't care about the differences between them. The key to satisfying them is the elimination of human intervention.8. Tempo's Asian market lead is now in place and will be operating out of Singapore.

Fireblocks launches Agentic Payments Suite and joins x402 Foundation

: Digital asset infrastructure platform Fireblocks announced the launch of the "Agentic Payments Suite" to support the AI Agent payment framework of the x402 protocol, and simultaneously announced its joining of the x402 Foundation. It is reported that this suite covers the entire AI Agent payment process, including wallet infrastructure for Agents to initiate transfers, a merchant receiving layer, and settlement and risk control functions for compliant financial institutions. (Cointelegraph)

German stablecoin startup AllUnity plans to launch its Swedish krona (SEK) stablecoin, SEKAU, in June and roll out its AI-powered payment agent system.

According to CoinDesk, German stablecoin startup AllUnity plans to launch SEKAU—a Swedish krona-pegged stablecoin—in June, following final regulatory and operational approvals, and will issue it under the EU’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulatory framework. Meanwhile, AllUnity has also launched Agentic Payments, enabling businesses to receive transactions initiated autonomously by AI software agents and settle funds directly into local bank accounts. The system adopts Coinbase’s x402 payment standard and targets online digital services, content, and data sales. AllUnity is backed by DWS, Flow Traders, and Galaxy Digital, and is regulated by Germany’s Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin).

MoonPay Launches Paybox, an AI Shopping Wallet Built on the x402 Protocol

crypto payment platform MoonPay has announced the launch of Paybox, an AI shopping wallet that integrates with ChatGPT and Claude. This enables AI assistants not only to search for products and compare prices but also to directly complete transactions such as making payments, booking restaurants, purchasing flight tickets, and shopping on Amazon.According to reports, Paybox requires no coding or additional software installation. Users can top up their wallet via bank accounts or crypto assets, and can set risk control rules such as spending limits and payment confirmations. MoonPay stated that Paybox is built on the open x402 protocol, adopts a decentralized design, does not rely on platform permissions, and can support any compatible merchant and service. (Fortune)

BNB Agent Studio is Now Live on BNB Chain Mainnet

BNB Chain has announced the official mainnet launch of its AI Agent development platform, BNB Agent Studio.Developers can now use a single prompt in AI coding tools like Cursor and Claude Code to complete Agent wallet creation, on-chain identity registration (ERC-8004), and deployment, without needing to separately set up wallets, identities, payments, custody, or LLM integration.Once deployed, Agents can use the x402 protocol to automatically deduct fees from users' pre-funded wallets to cover LLM usage, and they can be discovered and invoked by other Agents via the ERC-8183 task interface. The entire process runs on the AWS Bedrock AgentCore.The platform is also launching a limited-time free trial, where users can experience the full deployment process on the BSC testnet using their GitHub account.

Analysis: Crypto Becoming Default Payment Layer for AI Agents, Stablecoin Advantages Highlighted

crypto market maker and investment firm Keyrock has released a new report indicating that as traditional bank card payment systems struggle to meet micro-payment needs, blockchain-based stablecoin payment rails are gradually becoming the default payment layer for AI agents.The report shows that between May 2025 and April 2026, AI agents have completed over 176 million transactions through on-chain infrastructure, settling more than $73 million.The so-called "Agentic Payments" refer to AI software that can autonomously purchase data, computing power, API access, or AI services without requiring human authorization for each individual transaction. For example, an AI trading agent can continuously and automatically buy market data, cloud computing resources, or AI analysis services. Keyrock believes this growth rate may even surpass the early explosive phase of stablecoins.Currently, Coinbase's x402 protocol has emerged as one of the leading crypto-native machine payment solutions, allowing AI agents to directly pay for on-chain data analysis, cloud services, and other resources using USDC, without the need for accounts or subscription systems.Data shows that approximately 76% of AI agent payment amounts fall below the common 30-cent fixed fee threshold of traditional bank cards, with most transactions ranging from just 1 to 10 cents. This makes traditional payment networks unsuitable for machine-to-machine micropayments. In contrast, on chains like Base and Tempo, the settlement cost for stablecoins is "less than one cent."However, regulation may still become a limiting factor for industry growth. The report points out that new regulatory frameworks, including Europe's MiCA, the US's GENIUS Act, and the EU's AI Act, have yet to directly cover critical issues such as autonomous transactions by AI agents, liability attribution, and identity authentication. (CoinDesk)

France risks missing the wave of AI agents and stablecoin payments: Experts say tax system needs adjustment within 6 months to avoid being marginalized

: An opinion piece published in the French media *Le Monde* points out that France may have only about 6 months to seize the new wave of industrial revolution led by "agentic AI". Otherwise, it risks being marginalized in the global digital financial system. Several French crypto industry insiders argue that online transactions driven by AI agents are growing rapidly, with most settlements already completed via stablecoins. According to the *State of Crypto* report by Andreessen Horowitz, the annual transaction volume of stablecoins has reached approximately $46 trillion, nearly three times that of Visa and 20 times that of PayPal, establishing them as a key infrastructure in the global payment system.The article further points out that the x402 standard, promoted by Coinbase and adopted by Cloudflare, Google, and Visa, already supports AI agents in automatically completing payments via stablecoins, with cumulative transactions exceeding 119 million to date.However, in terms of the tax system, France's current provisions are criticized as being unable to adapt to this trend. The complex tax treatment between stablecoin exchanges and fiat withdrawals is believed to discourage the flow of funds back into the banking system, causing a large volume of digital asset transactions to remain within the stablecoin ecosystem for extended periods. As AI agents and stablecoin payments gradually converge, the global financial infrastructure is being restructured. If France fails to promptly adjust its regulatory and tax framework, it may miss out on the dividends of this new wave of the digital economy.

AWS partners with Coinbase and Stripe to launch AI agent stablecoin payment functionality, enabling microtransactions using USDC

According to The Block, Amazon Web Services (AWS) has partnered with Coinbase and Stripe to launch Amazon Bedrock AgentCore Payments, enabling AI agents to conduct transactions using stablecoins. Coinbase stated that developers can build “agent-based payment” solutions using the x402 protocol, allowing AI agents to make micro-payments in USDC. This feature enables AI agents to instantly pay for web content, APIs, MCP servers, and other agents. AWS noted that developers can choose between Coinbase and Stripe wallets and fund those wallets using either stablecoins or fiat currency.

OKX will list AEON/USDT spot trading

According to the official announcement, OKX will officially open AEON/USDT spot trading on July 27 at 11:00 UTC, with deposits opening at 03:00 UTC and withdrawals opening at 13:00 UTC. AEON is a crypto payment infrastructure project oriented towards AI agents and real-world business scenarios, integrating AI-native payment protocols such as x402, ERC-8004, and Google AP2, and supporting interoperability between on-chain assets and global offline merchant payment networks.

MoonPay Launches Paybox, an AI Shopping Wallet Built on the x402 Protocol

crypto payment platform MoonPay has announced the launch of Paybox, an AI shopping wallet that integrates with ChatGPT and Claude. This enables AI assistants not only to search for products and compare prices but also to directly complete transactions such as making payments, booking restaurants, purchasing flight tickets, and shopping on Amazon.According to reports, Paybox requires no coding or additional software installation. Users can top up their wallet via bank accounts or crypto assets, and can set risk control rules such as spending limits and payment confirmations. MoonPay stated that Paybox is built on the open x402 protocol, adopts a decentralized design, does not rely on platform permissions, and can support any compatible merchant and service. (Fortune)

Franklin Templeton Digital Assets Head Says AI Agents Are Next Key Use Case for Blockchain

: Sandy Kaul, Head of Digital Assets and Innovation at investment management firm Franklin Templeton, stated that the AI agent economy will increase demand for blockchain protocols to facilitate machine-to-machine micropayments. Traditional bank card networks are unsuitable for agent-based payments due to fees and settlement times. Sandy Kaul pointed out that blockchain networks like Aptos, Solana, and BNB Chain are more suitable for the agent economy, with transactions settling in seconds, faster than the 1 to 3 business day settlement time of the Visa network. In a joint report, payment company Visa and investment validation platform Artemis stated that traditional bank cards designed for low-frequency human commercial activities are insufficient to support AI agents, which require near-zero fees and faster settlement. Since its launch in May 2025, the x402 payment protocol developed by Coinbase has seen an adjusted transaction volume of $15 million and over 109 million adjusted transactions.

Visa Partners with Artemis to Release On-Chain Data Report on AI Agent Payments

According to Visa's official website, Visa and Artemis jointly released a report that deeply analyzes the current status and trends of AI agent payments based on real-time on-chain data. The report indicates that AI agent payments are divided into two categories: one is "macro commerce" where agents replace users to complete tasks like booking tickets and subscriptions, similar to traditional e-commerce payments; the other is "micro commerce" such as high-frequency, low-value API calls between software, where single transaction amounts are typically less than 1 cent. On-chain data shows that the open protocol x402, incubated by Coinbase and Cloudflare and now hosted by the Linux Foundation, has processed approximately 109 million transactions since launching in May 2025, with an adjusted transaction volume of about $15 million, mainly active on the Base, Solana, and Polygon chains; the Machine Payment Protocol (MPP), jointly built by Stripe and Tempo with Visa's contribution, launched in mid-March 2026 and completed approximately 115,000 transactions within weeks, with a settlement amount of about $25,000. The report notes that blockchain settlement costs have dropped to extremely low levels, making small payments in the 1-cent to 1-dollar range economically feasible for the first time, but agent payments still face significant challenges at the legal and regulatory level regarding trust, liability attribution, and dispute resolution. Visa stated that its goal is to build a unified foundation that simultaneously supports card-native trust authorization and machine-native settlement

Ripple: Joins x402 Foundation as Premier Member, XRP and RLUSD Support x402 Transactions

Ripple announced on July 14, 2026, that it has joined the x402 Foundation under the Linux Foundation as a Premier Member, participating in the technical and governance development of the protocol. The x402 Foundation, initiated by 40 member organizations, aims to develop an open payment standard based on HTTP for AI agents, APIs, and applications. Coinbase has contributed x402 to the Linux Foundation, supporting AI agents, APIs, and applications in sending and receiving payments directly during network interactions. Ripple stated that the XRP Ledger already supports agent payments via x402, including transactions using XRP and the Ripple USD stablecoin RLUSD. (Bitcoin.com News).

BNB Agent Studio now supports accessing the CoinMarketCap (CMC) market data via the B402 merchant pool through Binance Pay for AI Agents

According to official sources, BNB Agent Studio now supports AI Agents in accessing CoinMarketCap (CMC) market data with a single click via the B402 merchant pool of Binance Pay, with the Agent's own wallet automatically handling the data call payment.According to reports, building AI Agents that rely on real-time market data previously required configuring API keys, subscription plans, and independent payment processes. Through this integration, developers no longer need to create a CMC account, manage API Keys, or write additional payment code. The Agent can complete the entire process of "requesting data - automatic payment - processing output." Currently, the first batch of 4 types of CMC data interfaces are available, including:DEX Search: Query tokens and trading pairs on decentralized exchanges;Quotes Latest: Obtain real-time prices and market data for specified tokens;Listings Latest: Obtain market-wide token ranking data;DEX Pairs Quotes: Obtain real-time quotes for specified DEX trading pairs.BNB Chain stated that all data requests are paid through B402 based on the x402 protocol and are settled instantly on BNB Smart Chain (BSC). This feature will help developers quickly build AI Agents with market awareness, such as daily market analysis Agents, token ranking change reminder Agents, investment watchlist Agents, and narrative analysis Agents that combine large language models for market interpretation.

Related news

Brian Armstrong: AI Agents Will Make Cryptocurrency Even More Important for Global Payments

: Coinbase Co-founder and CEO Brian Armstrong stated that AI and cryptocurrency are complementary technologies, and the AI trend will not weaken cryptocurrency but instead make it more important. He believes that in the future, AI Agents will need to earn, hold, and spend funds without requiring human approval at every step. Brian Armstrong predicts that AI Agents will eventually execute a greater number of daily transactions than all humans combined, requiring real-time programmable money. Coinbase is positioning USDC, the Base blockchain, and the x402 payment protocol as the core infrastructure for this market. Coinbase refers to its related strategy as "Agentic Finance" and is developing tools that allow AI systems to access wallets, make payments, and execute financial instructions within user-defined limits. The company recently launched USDC AI Agent payment capabilities for enterprises through Coinbase Business.

OKX will list AEON/USDT spot trading

According to the official announcement, OKX will officially open AEON/USDT spot trading on July 27 at 11:00 UTC, with deposits opening at 03:00 UTC and withdrawals opening at 13:00 UTC. AEON is a crypto payment infrastructure project oriented towards AI agents and real-world business scenarios, integrating AI-native payment protocols such as x402, ERC-8004, and Google AP2, and supporting interoperability between on-chain assets and global offline merchant payment networks.

Coinbase CEO: AI Will Make Cryptocurrency More Important, Coinbase is Building Agentic Finance

Brian Armstrong posted on X platform, stating that the worldview of "if you're in crypto, pivot to AI" is incorrect; it represents zero-sum, scarcity thinking. Cryptocurrency is a universal technology and infrastructure, similar to electricity or the internet. It does not compete with the next big thing but rather supports it. The emergence of AI as a major trend will not weaken cryptocurrency; on the contrary, it will make cryptocurrency more important. AI Agents will require their own financial infrastructure, and in the future, their daily transaction volume will far exceed that of all humans combined. AI Agents cannot open bank accounts, cannot wait for three-day wire transfers, and are not limited to a single country; they need real-time programmable money. AI Agents will need to hold funds themselves and pay fees. Coinbase has already been exploring this direction through the x402 protocol, Base, and USDC, and these technologies currently underpin the vast majority of Agentic payments. AI Agents will also participate in trading, act as financial advisors, raise or borrow funds for new projects, and handle tasks such as tax planning, portfolio rebalancing, and bill payment. Brian Armstrong stated that this is Agentic Finance, or AiFi, and Coinbase is building this domain.

Coinbase business customers can now accept payments from AI Agents

Coinbase has simplified the process for native AI Agent payment reception within Coinbase Business, allowing enterprise customers to accept payments from AI Agents. Additionally, Coinbase has introduced a new trading view for exchange users within Coinbase for Agents and launched the Coinbase Developer Platform x402 SDK packaging infrastructure for developers.

MoonPay Launches Paybox, an AI Shopping Wallet Built on the x402 Protocol

crypto payment platform MoonPay has announced the launch of Paybox, an AI shopping wallet that integrates with ChatGPT and Claude. This enables AI assistants not only to search for products and compare prices but also to directly complete transactions such as making payments, booking restaurants, purchasing flight tickets, and shopping on Amazon.According to reports, Paybox requires no coding or additional software installation. Users can top up their wallet via bank accounts or crypto assets, and can set risk control rules such as spending limits and payment confirmations. MoonPay stated that Paybox is built on the open x402 protocol, adopts a decentralized design, does not rely on platform permissions, and can support any compatible merchant and service. (Fortune)

Franklin Templeton Digital Assets Head Says AI Agents Are Next Key Use Case for Blockchain

: Sandy Kaul, Head of Digital Assets and Innovation at investment management firm Franklin Templeton, stated that the AI agent economy will increase demand for blockchain protocols to facilitate machine-to-machine micropayments. Traditional bank card networks are unsuitable for agent-based payments due to fees and settlement times. Sandy Kaul pointed out that blockchain networks like Aptos, Solana, and BNB Chain are more suitable for the agent economy, with transactions settling in seconds, faster than the 1 to 3 business day settlement time of the Visa network. In a joint report, payment company Visa and investment validation platform Artemis stated that traditional bank cards designed for low-frequency human commercial activities are insufficient to support AI agents, which require near-zero fees and faster settlement. Since its launch in May 2025, the x402 payment protocol developed by Coinbase has seen an adjusted transaction volume of $15 million and over 109 million adjusted transactions.