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Project Overview
Proof.fun was incubated by NEBRA to enable community-driven funding of public goods. The platform allows anyone to tokenize public goods, using hyperfinancialization to reward past and future social contributions.
U.S. House of Representatives Proposes 20-Year Holding Period for National Strategic Bitcoin Reserve
The bill stipulates that Bitcoin included in the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve shall, in principle, be held for at least 20 years and may not be sold, exchanged, or otherwise disposed of during this period. It also mandates the establishment of a Proof-of-Reserves system to disclose, on a quarterly basis, holdings, transactions, and proof of private key control—subject to independent third-party audits. Additionally, the bill requires a study on the feasibility of increasing Bitcoin holdings over the next five years in a budget-neutral manner.
Base Launches Azul Mainnet Upgrade, Introducing a Multi-Proof System to Accelerate Decentralization
According to The Block, Base—the Ethereum Layer 2 network operated by Coinbase—has officially activated the Azul upgrade on its mainnet. This marks Base’s first independent network upgrade following its separation from the Optimism Superchain. The Azul upgrade introduces a multi-proof system that combines TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) proofs with zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, reducing the shortest possible withdrawal finalization time to just one day. Both proof types can independently confirm proposals; in case of conflict, permissionless ZK proofs override TEE proofs—further enhancing the network’s censorship resistance. Additionally, Azul integrates Base into a single execution client, <code>base-reth-node</code>, and introduces a new consensus client, <code>base-consensus</code>, built on OP Kona. Following the upgrade, the number of empty blocks has plummeted from approximately 200 per day to roughly 2 per day, and the network has achieved a sustained peak throughput of 5,000 transactions per second.
Ethereum Foundation Faces Accelerating Talent Drain, with Multiple Core Researchers Resigning
According to The Block, the Ethereum Foundation has recently experienced another wave of talent attrition: researchers Carl Beek and Julian Ma announced their departures this Monday. Beek had worked at the Foundation for seven years and led the development of Ethereum’s Beacon Chain, making significant contributions to Ethereum’s transition to the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism; Ma had been with the Foundation for approximately four years, contributing to mechanism design, cryptoeconomics, and protocol scalability, and co-authored EIP-7805—a proposal aimed at enhancing Ethereum’s censorship resistance. Earlier this year, in February, Co-Executive Director Tomasz K. Stańczak resigned; multiple other senior figures—including Josh Stark, Barnabé Monnot, and Tim Beiko—have also departed in succession.
ZachXBT Warns of Withdrawal Issues at JuCoin, Raising Fresh Questions About Reserve and Ownership Transparency
On-chain investigator ZachXBT stated that JuCoin, an East Asian centralized exchange, has recently been reported by multiple users to have experienced abnormal withdrawal issues over the past week. Analysis indicates that in its Proof of Reserves published on X, JuCoin self-reported total reserves of approximately $511 million—most of which consist of USDC and USDT issued on its proprietary blockchain, JuChain—leaving the actual backing unclear.
Berachain Unveils PoL Next Roadmap: Reducing Inflation, Simplifying Tokenomics, and Launching the ERA Protocol
According to official announcements, Berachain has unveiled the roadmap for the next phase of its Proof-of-Liquidity (PoL) evolution. Berachain notes that most blockchains treat tokens like faucets—value flows out with little returning, and while blockchains bear the economic costs of operation, they fail to profit from them. Berachain aims to break this cycle through PoL Next—ensuring every dollar emitted compounds as yield for $BERA holders.
Bitmine Deposits 75,600 ETH into Ethereum PoS Staking, Worth Approximately $176 Million
According to on-chain analyst Yujin (@EmberCN), after Bitmine acquired 100,000 ETH at noon today, it deposited an additional 75,600 ETH into Ethereum’s Proof-of-Stake (PoS) system for staking—valued at approximately $176 million. Bitmine’s total staked ETH currently stands at roughly 3.471 million ETH, representing about 70% of its total ETH holdings of 4.976 million ETH.
Hyperbridge Contract Hit by MMR Proof Replay Vulnerability, Suffering ~$242,000 in Losses
According to BlockSec Phalcon, the HandlerV1 contract managed by Hyperbridge on the Ethereum network was found to contain a Merkle Mountain Range (MMR) proof replay vulnerability, resulting in approximately $242,000 in losses. The vulnerability stems from the lack of binding between proofs and requests, enabling attackers to replay historical valid proofs alongside newly forged requests to perform malicious actions—such as altering administrator privileges. In the specific incident, the attacker changed the Polkadot (DOT) token administrator and then exploited those privileges to mint additional DOT tokens for profit. Observed attack transactions include: changing the DOT token administrator and minting new tokens (losses of ~$237,400), changing the ARGN token administrator and minting new tokens (losses of ~$3,800), and host withdrawal operations. The vulnerability was discovered by PhalconSecurity and analyzed via PhalconExplorer. Previously, the Hyperbridge gateway contract was attacked, leading to the unauthorized minting and subsequent dumping of 1 billion DOT tokens on Ethereum.
Aztec Network Attacked, Losses Exceed $2.15 Million; Root Cause is a Mismatch Between ZK Proof and L1 Settlement Boundaries
According to analysis by BlockSec Phalcon (@Phalcon_xyz), Aztec Network's RollupProcessorV3 contract was attacked, resulting in losses exceeding $2.15 million. The root cause is that `numRealTxs` was not effectively bound to the transaction set enforced by the ZK proof, causing a deviation between the proof verification path and the L1 settlement logic's interpretation of the transaction list.The attacker exploited this vulnerability to move real deposits to slots not processed by the settlement logic, bypassing the `decreasePendingDepositBalance()` function. By creating unbacked private balances out of thin air, they were able to withdraw funds through the normal settlement process. A total of seven assets were involved.
Hyperbridge Contract Hit by MMR Proof Replay Vulnerability, Suffering ~$242,000 in Losses
According to BlockSec Phalcon, the HandlerV1 contract managed by Hyperbridge on the Ethereum network was found to contain a Merkle Mountain Range (MMR) proof replay vulnerability, resulting in approximately $242,000 in losses. The vulnerability stems from the lack of binding between proofs and requests, enabling attackers to replay historical valid proofs alongside newly forged requests to perform malicious actions—such as altering administrator privileges. In the specific incident, the attacker changed the Polkadot (DOT) token administrator and then exploited those privileges to mint additional DOT tokens for profit. Observed attack transactions include: changing the DOT token administrator and minting new tokens (losses of ~$237,400), changing the ARGN token administrator and minting new tokens (losses of ~$3,800), and host withdrawal operations. The vulnerability was discovered by PhalconSecurity and analyzed via PhalconExplorer. Previously, the Hyperbridge gateway contract was attacked, leading to the unauthorized minting and subsequent dumping of 1 billion DOT tokens on Ethereum.
Joe Lubin: Ethereum will not have a "second foundation," and may become a fully zero-knowledge proof-based protocol within 3 to 5 years
Consensys CEO Joseph Lubin stated that Ethereum is expected to develop into a fully zero-knowledge proof (ZK Proof) based protocol within the next three to five years. This will not only optimize the main chain but also enhance Ethereum’s composability with Layer 2 solutions. Lubin expressed support for the "Rollup-centric roadmap," believing that by strengthening Layer 1, introducing the "Lean Ethereum" initiative, and promoting ZK proofs, the Ethereum base layer can be significantly upgraded. Lean Ethereum aims to achieve over 10,000 transactions per second while maintaining a high degree of decentralization on the mainnet, and also supports privacy and quantum-resistant computing solutions.On the Layer 2 front, Lubin pointed out that ZK technology has already enabled real-time proof generation on some L2 networks, with plans to extend this capability to Layer 1, ultimately transitioning to a fully ZK-based base protocol supported by multiple provers. For instance, projects like Consensys’ Linea chain and Gnosis are leveraging zero-knowledge proofs to achieve cross-network synchronized transactions, which could potentially eliminate the need for bridges and unify fragmented liquidity.Lubin emphasized that the initial "differentiation phase" of the Rollup roadmap aims to provide experimental space for Layer 2 technology. Although it may disperse liquidity in the short term, it lays the foundation for Ethereum’s future infinite scalability and technological iteration. He believes that some L2 technologies will become systemically important components, and this exploration process is necessary.Additionally, Lubin addressed recent personnel changes at the Ethereum Foundation (EF) and rumors of a "second foundation," stating that no second foundation will emerge. The EF will continue to focus on core protocol development, usability and scalability, and institutional partnerships, while also supporting at least three independent teams spun off from the EF to concentrate on protocol development, user experience, and institutional outreach efforts. (The Block)
Binance Releases Updated Proof of Reserves, BTC Reserve Ratio at 100.58%
Binance has released an updated Proof of Reserves, showing that asset reserves consistently exceed a 1:1 ratio to safeguard user funds. Among these, the BNB reserve ratio stands at 100.58%, the Bitcoin reserve ratio at 100.20%, and the ETH reserve ratio at 100%. The USDT reserve ratio is 103.17%.
Base Launches Azul Mainnet Upgrade, Introducing a Multi-Proof System to Accelerate Decentralization
According to The Block, Base—the Ethereum Layer 2 network operated by Coinbase—has officially activated the Azul upgrade on its mainnet. This marks Base’s first independent network upgrade following its separation from the Optimism Superchain. The Azul upgrade introduces a multi-proof system that combines TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) proofs with zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, reducing the shortest possible withdrawal finalization time to just one day. Both proof types can independently confirm proposals; in case of conflict, permissionless ZK proofs override TEE proofs—further enhancing the network’s censorship resistance. Additionally, Azul integrates Base into a single execution client, <code>base-reth-node</code>, and introduces a new consensus client, <code>base-consensus</code>, built on OP Kona. Following the upgrade, the number of empty blocks has plummeted from approximately 200 per day to roughly 2 per day, and the network has achieved a sustained peak throughput of 5,000 transactions per second.
tea Protocol Joins Aerodrome Aero Ignition, TGE Scheduled for June 4
tea Protocol has officially joined Aerodrome Aero Ignition. Aero Ignition is Aerodrome's on-chain liquidity bootstrapping mechanism for new projects. The tea Protocol community vote will commence on May 28, with the $TEA TGE scheduled for June 4.As one of the core DEXs in the Base ecosystem, Aerodrome utilizes a veAERO voting mechanism, allowing the community to decide which projects receive greater liquidity incentives. As voting support increases, the $TEA liquidity pool will gain stronger liquidity backing, thereby enhancing trading depth, ecosystem exposure, and market activity.It is reported that tea Protocol is a Web3 infrastructure project reshaping the value system for global open-source software. It aims to address the long-standing issues "invisible contributions" and "non-distributable value" at the internet's foundation. In the AI-driven software era, tea Protocol uses on-chain mechanisms and a "Proof of Contribution" system to convert the dependencies, usage influence, and developer contributions of open-source software into quantifiable and verifiable network value, thereby establishing a sustainable incentive and trust layer for critical open-source infrastructure.
South Korea’s KB Financial Group Completes End-to-End Proof of Concept for KRW Stablecoin
According to Yonhap News Agency, KB Financial Group announced that it has successfully completed a full-process technical proof-of-concept (PoC) for the Korean won (KRW) stablecoin—from issuance and offline payments to merchant settlement and cross-border remittances—in collaboration with electronic payment provider KG Inicis, the Kaia public blockchain, and digital asset solutions provider OpenAsset. This PoC upgraded the internal settlement infrastructure to a blockchain-based system while preserving customers’ existing financial service habits. Real-world payment scenarios were implemented via self-service kiosks at the连锁 coffee chain Hollys: consumers need not install a digital wallet and can simply make QR-code-based payments, with blockchain smart contracts automatically executed during settlement. In the cross-border remittance validation, KRW stablecoins were first converted into USD stablecoins using liquidity on the Kaia chain, then transferred by local Vietnamese partners into actual bank accounts. The entire process took only three minutes and reduced fees by approximately 87% compared to traditional SWIFT-based methods.
Brevis Launches Pico Prism 2.0, Boosting Ethereum Real-Time Proof Efficiency by ~5.3x
According to official announcements, Brevis—a ZK-powered intelligent verifiable computation platform—has launched Pico Prism 2.0, now live on Ethereum’s mainnet under the current 60-million-Gas block limit. Benchmarking results show that, under Ethereum’s current 60-million-Gas block limit, Pico Prism 2.0 achieves an average proof time of 6.1 seconds per block, with 99.9% of blocks completing final proofs within 12 seconds. The entire system runs on just two machines equipped with a total of 16 RTX 5090 GPUs, at an aggregate hardware cost of approximately $100,000. Compared to Pico Prism 1.0, Pico Prism 2.0 delivers roughly a 5.3× improvement in per-block proof efficiency—even while using only one-quarter of the hardware configuration—further fulfilling the Ethereum Foundation’s two primary objectives for real-time proving: “average proof latency under 10 seconds” and “on-premises hardware cost under $100,000.” Previously, Brevis was selected for the Ethereum Foundation’s “On-Prem Proving Initiative,” a program launched in May 2026 to test whether ZK proofs can scale as decentralized infrastructure without reliance on a handful of cloud service providers—the most L1 zkEVM-integration-ready rehearsal to date. Moving forward, Brevis will continue focusing on robustness.
Related news
Aztec Network Attacked, Losses Exceed $2.15 Million; Root Cause is a Mismatch Between ZK Proof and L1 Settlement Boundaries
According to analysis by BlockSec Phalcon (@Phalcon_xyz), Aztec Network's RollupProcessorV3 contract was attacked, resulting in losses exceeding $2.15 million. The root cause is that `numRealTxs` was not effectively bound to the transaction set enforced by the ZK proof, causing a deviation between the proof verification path and the L1 settlement logic's interpretation of the transaction list.The attacker exploited this vulnerability to move real deposits to slots not processed by the settlement logic, bypassing the `decreasePendingDepositBalance()` function. By creating unbacked private balances out of thin air, they were able to withdraw funds through the normal settlement process. A total of seven assets were involved.
Joe Lubin: Ethereum will not have a "second foundation," and may become a fully zero-knowledge proof-based protocol within 3 to 5 years
Consensys CEO Joseph Lubin stated that Ethereum is expected to develop into a fully zero-knowledge proof (ZK Proof) based protocol within the next three to five years. This will not only optimize the main chain but also enhance Ethereum’s composability with Layer 2 solutions. Lubin expressed support for the "Rollup-centric roadmap," believing that by strengthening Layer 1, introducing the "Lean Ethereum" initiative, and promoting ZK proofs, the Ethereum base layer can be significantly upgraded. Lean Ethereum aims to achieve over 10,000 transactions per second while maintaining a high degree of decentralization on the mainnet, and also supports privacy and quantum-resistant computing solutions.On the Layer 2 front, Lubin pointed out that ZK technology has already enabled real-time proof generation on some L2 networks, with plans to extend this capability to Layer 1, ultimately transitioning to a fully ZK-based base protocol supported by multiple provers. For instance, projects like Consensys’ Linea chain and Gnosis are leveraging zero-knowledge proofs to achieve cross-network synchronized transactions, which could potentially eliminate the need for bridges and unify fragmented liquidity.Lubin emphasized that the initial "differentiation phase" of the Rollup roadmap aims to provide experimental space for Layer 2 technology. Although it may disperse liquidity in the short term, it lays the foundation for Ethereum’s future infinite scalability and technological iteration. He believes that some L2 technologies will become systemically important components, and this exploration process is necessary.Additionally, Lubin addressed recent personnel changes at the Ethereum Foundation (EF) and rumors of a "second foundation," stating that no second foundation will emerge. The EF will continue to focus on core protocol development, usability and scalability, and institutional partnerships, while also supporting at least three independent teams spun off from the EF to concentrate on protocol development, user experience, and institutional outreach efforts. (The Block)
ZachXBT Warns of Withdrawal Issues at JuCoin, Raising Fresh Questions About Reserve and Ownership Transparency
On-chain investigator ZachXBT stated that JuCoin, an East Asian centralized exchange, has recently been reported by multiple users to have experienced abnormal withdrawal issues over the past week. Analysis indicates that in its Proof of Reserves published on X, JuCoin self-reported total reserves of approximately $511 million—most of which consist of USDC and USDT issued on its proprietary blockchain, JuChain—leaving the actual backing unclear.
Binance Releases Updated Proof of Reserves, BTC Reserve Ratio at 100.58%
Binance has released an updated Proof of Reserves, showing that asset reserves consistently exceed a 1:1 ratio to safeguard user funds. Among these, the BNB reserve ratio stands at 100.58%, the Bitcoin reserve ratio at 100.20%, and the ETH reserve ratio at 100%. The USDT reserve ratio is 103.17%.
U.S. House of Representatives Proposes 20-Year Holding Period for National Strategic Bitcoin Reserve
The bill stipulates that Bitcoin included in the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve shall, in principle, be held for at least 20 years and may not be sold, exchanged, or otherwise disposed of during this period. It also mandates the establishment of a Proof-of-Reserves system to disclose, on a quarterly basis, holdings, transactions, and proof of private key control—subject to independent third-party audits. Additionally, the bill requires a study on the feasibility of increasing Bitcoin holdings over the next five years in a budget-neutral manner.
OKX Releases 43rd Proof of Reserves, BTC and ETH Holdings Decline Sequentially
Odaily Planet Daily Report: OKX has released its 43rd round of Proof of Reserves, with the data snapshot as of May 7. The platform's user Bitcoin holdings stand at approximately 110,000 BTC, a decrease of 5,851 BTC compared to the data from April 20, representing a 5% decline sequentially; Ethereum holdings are approximately 1.556 million ETH, a decrease of 50,140 ETH, or a drop of 3.12%. USDT holdings are approximately 10.243 billion, a slight sequential increase of 0.28%, adding about 27.12 million USDT.