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Ethereum plans to achieve a quantum-safe L1 by 2029, with the Hegotá upgrade roadmap taking shape.
According to The Block, the Ethereum Foundation Protocol Cluster has released a list of EIP ratings for the upcoming Hegotá upgrade, setting December 2029 as the target milestone for achieving full quantum resistance. The two S-tier (mandatory delivery) proposals for the upgrade are: FOCIL (EIP-7805) at the consensus layer, which enhances censorship resistance by requiring validator committees to enforce the inclusion of public mempool transactions; and framework transactions (EIP-8141) at the execution layer, which natively integrates account abstraction, supporting custom signatures, sponsored gas, and batch operations to improve security and quantum resistance. The Ethereum Foundation stated that this timeline aligns with the independent migration targets of Google, Cloudflare, and Microsoft, and the December 2029 deadline will be considered non-negotiable prior to January 2027. Hegotá is not the final quantum-safe fork, but rather a critical milestone determining whether subsequent upgrades can proceed on schedule. From the Q4 2026 Glamsterdam upgrade to December 2029, the average fork cycle is only about 7.2 months, leaving extremely limited execution slack.
JaredfromSubway.eth sandwich attack bot has extracted $295 million in total, with $7.5 million stolen in June
Odaily News: The sandwich attack bot operated by JaredfromSubway.eth has extracted a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH since March 2023, worth approximately $295 million at current prices. In June 2026, an anonymous attacker deployed 66 counterfeit token contracts, exploiting the bot's automated trading logic to steal at least $7.5 million in ETH and stablecoins, and funneled the funds into Tornado Cash. The stolen assets have not yet been recovered.Sandwich attacks are a form of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV): the bot monitors large transactions in Ethereum's public mempool, buys ahead of the target transaction, and sells after the transaction pushes the price up, capturing profits from the spread. The bot's primary contract had received a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH as of August 28.MEV-Boost block construction is centralized among a small group of participants, with relay.ultrasound.money, Titan Relay, and bloXroute regulated relays collectively forwarding approximately 85% to 88% of related blocks within a 24-hour window; Titan's builder independently assembled 50.3% of the blocks. Monthly sandwich attack extraction amounts have declined from approximately $10 million in late 2024 to roughly $2.5 million in October 2025. (Bitcoin.com News)
JaredfromSubway.eth sandwich attack bot has extracted $295 million in total, with $7.5 million stolen in June
Odaily News: The sandwich attack bot operated by JaredfromSubway.eth has extracted a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH since March 2023, worth approximately $295 million at current prices. In June 2026, an anonymous attacker deployed 66 counterfeit token contracts, exploiting the bot's automated trading logic to steal at least $7.5 million in ETH and stablecoins, and funneled the funds into Tornado Cash. The stolen assets have not yet been recovered.Sandwich attacks are a form of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV): the bot monitors large transactions in Ethereum's public mempool, buys ahead of the target transaction, and sells after the transaction pushes the price up, capturing profits from the spread. The bot's primary contract had received a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH as of August 28.MEV-Boost block construction is centralized among a small group of participants, with relay.ultrasound.money, Titan Relay, and bloXroute regulated relays collectively forwarding approximately 85% to 88% of related blocks within a 24-hour window; Titan's builder independently assembled 50.3% of the blocks. Monthly sandwich attack extraction amounts have declined from approximately $10 million in late 2024 to roughly $2.5 million in October 2025. (Bitcoin.com News)
Starkware completes quantum-resistant transaction on Bitcoin mainnet without soft fork
: Blockchain technology company Starkware stated that on August 26, a transaction using researcher Avihu Levy's Quantum-Safe Bitcoin (QSB) scheme was mined on the Bitcoin mainnet, without requiring a soft fork, hard fork, or modification of consensus rules.The transaction consumed 10,000 sats and was processed through MARA Foundation's Slipstream service, as the non-standard format typically cannot propagate through Bitcoin's public mempool. The test consumed several hours of GPU computation, costing approximately $150 to $200.QSB employs hash-based quantum-resistant spending conditions and reduces quantum attack risks through signature trial mining, but still requires users to proactively migrate funds and cannot protect assets whose public keys have already been exposed. Starkware CEO Eli Ben-Sasson still supports introducing a protocol-level solution via a soft fork. (Bitcoin.com News)
StarkWare Completes First Quantum-Resistant Bitcoin Transaction, Says Protocol-Level Upgrades Still Needed
According to The Block, StarkWare announced it has successfully executed the first post-quantum Bitcoin transaction. Avihu Levy, Head of Applications, used a "signature grinding" approach to repeatedly generate millions of candidate signatures before the transaction entered the Bitcoin mempool, thereby avoiding the exposure of mathematical data related to public keys that could be exploited by future quantum computers to forge signatures. This method incurs significant computational costs, with a single transaction potentially taking several hours. Because the transaction format is unrecognized by standard Bitcoin nodes, it bypassed the public mempool and was submitted directly to miners for inclusion via MARA’s Slipstream service. StarkWare noted that while this technique can serve as a transitional safeguard, Bitcoin will still require protocol-level upgrades or a hard fork to systematically mitigate quantum computing threats.
$120 Million Coldcard Wallet Hack Sparks Bitcoin Mempool Activity
Odaily News: The Coldcard wallet hack involves approximately $120 million. The related transactions briefly made the Bitcoin mempool highly active.
Permissions opened: MARA Slipstream becomes a permissionless public service with no client software required
Bitcoin News posted on X platform, stating that MARA's Slipstream is now open as a permissionless public service, requiring no client software. This service is particularly important for users transferring funds from vulnerable COLDCARD wallets. Multi-signature spending exposes all public keys and spending conditions. If this transaction enters the public mempool, attackers can immediately match these keys against their pre-computed database of weak COLDCARD private keys, and if they control the majority of keys, broadcast a higher-fee double-spend transaction before the original transaction is confirmed. Slipstream submits transactions directly to miners, keeping them out of the public mempool until mined. MARA recommends using conservative fees to avoid transactions getting stuck. Aside from standard Bitcoin network fees, the service is currently free.
Nunchuk Issues Guidance on Coldcard Security Incident, Recommends Immediate Migration for High-Risk Multisig Wallet Users
Odaily News: Bitcoin wallet service provider Nunchuk has issued an important update regarding the recent Coldcard security incident, recommending that users with multisig wallets containing Coldcard-generated keys migrate their funds as soon as possible.Nunchuk has categorized response levels based on the number of affected Coldcard keys in a multisig wallet: if the number of Coldcard-generated keys has reached the signing threshold, attackers could theoretically transfer funds directly, and such users should migrate immediately; if the wallet contains only 1 Coldcard-generated key and it is below the signing threshold, a single compromised key cannot move funds independently, making the risk relatively lower, but migration is still strongly recommended. If users cannot confirm the exact number of Coldcard keys in their wallet, they should treat it as a high-risk situation.Additionally, Nunchuk announced that an upcoming mobile update will automatically enable the Slipstream channel for paid users. At that point, any auxiliary multisig wallet transaction containing at least one Coldcard key will bypass the public mempool and be submitted via Slipstream, reducing the risk of transaction monitoring and replacement. For users who wish to act immediately or for free-tier users, Nunchuk offers a manual migration option: users need to create a migration transaction, complete multisig signing without broadcasting, and then submit the raw transaction data to the Slipstream platform.
Ethereum plans to achieve a quantum-safe L1 by 2029, with the Hegotá upgrade roadmap taking shape.
According to The Block, the Ethereum Foundation Protocol Cluster has released a list of EIP ratings for the upcoming Hegotá upgrade, setting December 2029 as the target milestone for achieving full quantum resistance. The two S-tier (mandatory delivery) proposals for the upgrade are: FOCIL (EIP-7805) at the consensus layer, which enhances censorship resistance by requiring validator committees to enforce the inclusion of public mempool transactions; and framework transactions (EIP-8141) at the execution layer, which natively integrates account abstraction, supporting custom signatures, sponsored gas, and batch operations to improve security and quantum resistance. The Ethereum Foundation stated that this timeline aligns with the independent migration targets of Google, Cloudflare, and Microsoft, and the December 2029 deadline will be considered non-negotiable prior to January 2027. Hegotá is not the final quantum-safe fork, but rather a critical milestone determining whether subsequent upgrades can proceed on schedule. From the Q4 2026 Glamsterdam upgrade to December 2029, the average fork cycle is only about 7.2 months, leaving extremely limited execution slack.
JaredfromSubway.eth sandwich attack bot has extracted $295 million in total, with $7.5 million stolen in June
Odaily News: The sandwich attack bot operated by JaredfromSubway.eth has extracted a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH since March 2023, worth approximately $295 million at current prices. In June 2026, an anonymous attacker deployed 66 counterfeit token contracts, exploiting the bot's automated trading logic to steal at least $7.5 million in ETH and stablecoins, and funneled the funds into Tornado Cash. The stolen assets have not yet been recovered.Sandwich attacks are a form of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV): the bot monitors large transactions in Ethereum's public mempool, buys ahead of the target transaction, and sells after the transaction pushes the price up, capturing profits from the spread. The bot's primary contract had received a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH as of August 28.MEV-Boost block construction is centralized among a small group of participants, with relay.ultrasound.money, Titan Relay, and bloXroute regulated relays collectively forwarding approximately 85% to 88% of related blocks within a 24-hour window; Titan's builder independently assembled 50.3% of the blocks. Monthly sandwich attack extraction amounts have declined from approximately $10 million in late 2024 to roughly $2.5 million in October 2025. (Bitcoin.com News)
Starkware completes quantum-resistant transaction on Bitcoin mainnet without soft fork
: Blockchain technology company Starkware stated that on August 26, a transaction using researcher Avihu Levy's Quantum-Safe Bitcoin (QSB) scheme was mined on the Bitcoin mainnet, without requiring a soft fork, hard fork, or modification of consensus rules.The transaction consumed 10,000 sats and was processed through MARA Foundation's Slipstream service, as the non-standard format typically cannot propagate through Bitcoin's public mempool. The test consumed several hours of GPU computation, costing approximately $150 to $200.QSB employs hash-based quantum-resistant spending conditions and reduces quantum attack risks through signature trial mining, but still requires users to proactively migrate funds and cannot protect assets whose public keys have already been exposed. Starkware CEO Eli Ben-Sasson still supports introducing a protocol-level solution via a soft fork. (Bitcoin.com News)
StarkWare Completes First Quantum-Resistant Bitcoin Transaction, Says Protocol-Level Upgrades Still Needed
According to The Block, StarkWare announced it has successfully executed the first post-quantum Bitcoin transaction. Avihu Levy, Head of Applications, used a "signature grinding" approach to repeatedly generate millions of candidate signatures before the transaction entered the Bitcoin mempool, thereby avoiding the exposure of mathematical data related to public keys that could be exploited by future quantum computers to forge signatures. This method incurs significant computational costs, with a single transaction potentially taking several hours. Because the transaction format is unrecognized by standard Bitcoin nodes, it bypassed the public mempool and was submitted directly to miners for inclusion via MARA’s Slipstream service. StarkWare noted that while this technique can serve as a transitional safeguard, Bitcoin will still require protocol-level upgrades or a hard fork to systematically mitigate quantum computing threats.
Nunchuk Issues Guidance on Coldcard Security Incident, Recommends Immediate Migration for High-Risk Multisig Wallet Users
Odaily News: Bitcoin wallet service provider Nunchuk has issued an important update regarding the recent Coldcard security incident, recommending that users with multisig wallets containing Coldcard-generated keys migrate their funds as soon as possible.Nunchuk has categorized response levels based on the number of affected Coldcard keys in a multisig wallet: if the number of Coldcard-generated keys has reached the signing threshold, attackers could theoretically transfer funds directly, and such users should migrate immediately; if the wallet contains only 1 Coldcard-generated key and it is below the signing threshold, a single compromised key cannot move funds independently, making the risk relatively lower, but migration is still strongly recommended. If users cannot confirm the exact number of Coldcard keys in their wallet, they should treat it as a high-risk situation.Additionally, Nunchuk announced that an upcoming mobile update will automatically enable the Slipstream channel for paid users. At that point, any auxiliary multisig wallet transaction containing at least one Coldcard key will bypass the public mempool and be submitted via Slipstream, reducing the risk of transaction monitoring and replacement. For users who wish to act immediately or for free-tier users, Nunchuk offers a manual migration option: users need to create a migration transaction, complete multisig signing without broadcasting, and then submit the raw transaction data to the Slipstream platform.
Foundry USA mined 6 consecutive blocks, Bitcoin block 941,881 chain reorganization completed
Odaily News, March 24 – Antpool mined Bitcoin block 941,881 at UTC time 15:49:35. Foundry USA mined another version of the same height 12 seconds later, briefly creating two competing chains on the Bitcoin blockchain. Subsequently, ViaBTC extended block 941,882 on top of the Antpool version, while Foundry USA also continued to extend its own branch. Foundry USA then mined blocks 941,883 to 941,886 consecutively, giving its branch a cumulative workload lead. Nodes subsequently reorganized to the Foundry USA version, causing the blocks mined by Antpool and ViaBTC to become orphaned. The affected miners lost the corresponding block rewards and fees, and transactions not confirmed on the winning chain re-entered the mempool to be confirmed in subsequent blocks.
Related news
Ethereum plans to achieve a quantum-safe L1 by 2029, with the Hegotá upgrade roadmap taking shape.
According to The Block, the Ethereum Foundation Protocol Cluster has released a list of EIP ratings for the upcoming Hegotá upgrade, setting December 2029 as the target milestone for achieving full quantum resistance. The two S-tier (mandatory delivery) proposals for the upgrade are: FOCIL (EIP-7805) at the consensus layer, which enhances censorship resistance by requiring validator committees to enforce the inclusion of public mempool transactions; and framework transactions (EIP-8141) at the execution layer, which natively integrates account abstraction, supporting custom signatures, sponsored gas, and batch operations to improve security and quantum resistance. The Ethereum Foundation stated that this timeline aligns with the independent migration targets of Google, Cloudflare, and Microsoft, and the December 2029 deadline will be considered non-negotiable prior to January 2027. Hegotá is not the final quantum-safe fork, but rather a critical milestone determining whether subsequent upgrades can proceed on schedule. From the Q4 2026 Glamsterdam upgrade to December 2029, the average fork cycle is only about 7.2 months, leaving extremely limited execution slack.
Vitalik: EIP-8141 Transaction Type to Prepare Ethereum for Decentralized Hyper-Scale Expansion in the Coming Years
Odaily News: Vitalik posted on X platform, stating that recent research around transaction formats has given Ethereum a clearer understanding of "actions" and "dependencies" within transactions, allowing the two to be optimized separately. Signatures, Merkle proofs for UTXOs, and ZK-SNARKs or STARKs fall under dependencies, while calls to send ETH are actions. Dependencies can be processed in parallel; state-related dependencies can be handled by the mempool, while pure dependencies can be processed once at the mempool layer and may potentially be replaced by STARK proofs, reducing execution and data processing overhead. Vitalik pointed out that Ethereum's current scaling strategy requires a clear distinction between dynamically flexible and statically analyzable parts, with the latter qualifying for lower gas costs. By transaction volume, over 90% of Ethereum activity does not require dynamic flexibility. The EIP-8141 transaction type is moving towards a general, minimal call-list direction, with new state types, recursive STARK mempools, and keyed nonces also aligning with this direction.
JaredfromSubway.eth sandwich attack bot has extracted $295 million in total, with $7.5 million stolen in June
Odaily News: The sandwich attack bot operated by JaredfromSubway.eth has extracted a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH since March 2023, worth approximately $295 million at current prices. In June 2026, an anonymous attacker deployed 66 counterfeit token contracts, exploiting the bot's automated trading logic to steal at least $7.5 million in ETH and stablecoins, and funneled the funds into Tornado Cash. The stolen assets have not yet been recovered.Sandwich attacks are a form of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV): the bot monitors large transactions in Ethereum's public mempool, buys ahead of the target transaction, and sells after the transaction pushes the price up, capturing profits from the spread. The bot's primary contract had received a cumulative total of 117,007 ETH as of August 28.MEV-Boost block construction is centralized among a small group of participants, with relay.ultrasound.money, Titan Relay, and bloXroute regulated relays collectively forwarding approximately 85% to 88% of related blocks within a 24-hour window; Titan's builder independently assembled 50.3% of the blocks. Monthly sandwich attack extraction amounts have declined from approximately $10 million in late 2024 to roughly $2.5 million in October 2025. (Bitcoin.com News)
Starkware completes quantum-resistant transaction on Bitcoin mainnet without soft fork
: Blockchain technology company Starkware stated that on August 26, a transaction using researcher Avihu Levy's Quantum-Safe Bitcoin (QSB) scheme was mined on the Bitcoin mainnet, without requiring a soft fork, hard fork, or modification of consensus rules.The transaction consumed 10,000 sats and was processed through MARA Foundation's Slipstream service, as the non-standard format typically cannot propagate through Bitcoin's public mempool. The test consumed several hours of GPU computation, costing approximately $150 to $200.QSB employs hash-based quantum-resistant spending conditions and reduces quantum attack risks through signature trial mining, but still requires users to proactively migrate funds and cannot protect assets whose public keys have already been exposed. Starkware CEO Eli Ben-Sasson still supports introducing a protocol-level solution via a soft fork. (Bitcoin.com News)
StarkWare Completes First Quantum-Resistant Bitcoin Transaction, Says Protocol-Level Upgrades Still Needed
According to The Block, StarkWare announced it has successfully executed the first post-quantum Bitcoin transaction. Avihu Levy, Head of Applications, used a "signature grinding" approach to repeatedly generate millions of candidate signatures before the transaction entered the Bitcoin mempool, thereby avoiding the exposure of mathematical data related to public keys that could be exploited by future quantum computers to forge signatures. This method incurs significant computational costs, with a single transaction potentially taking several hours. Because the transaction format is unrecognized by standard Bitcoin nodes, it bypassed the public mempool and was submitted directly to miners for inclusion via MARA’s Slipstream service. StarkWare noted that while this technique can serve as a transitional safeguard, Bitcoin will still require protocol-level upgrades or a hard fork to systematically mitigate quantum computing threats.
$120 Million Coldcard Wallet Hack Sparks Bitcoin Mempool Activity
Odaily News: The Coldcard wallet hack involves approximately $120 million. The related transactions briefly made the Bitcoin mempool highly active.